Build, test, and debug regular expressions
Parses URLs into named capture groups: an optional protocol (http, https, ftp, etc.) followed by ://, an optional subdomain, the domain, an alphabetic TLD, an optional path segment, and an optional query string starting with ?. The multiline flag makes it match URLs line-by-line in multi-line text. Useful for extracting structured URL components in Python, though greedy .+ matching can misparse edge cases like deep subdomains or port numbers.