Test, validate and match regular expressions
This regex matches URLs with named capture groups for the protocol (https, http, file, or empty), an optional 'www.', the domain name, a specific TLD extension (.com, .fr, .org, .biz, .tech, .io, .net, .xyz, .school), and an optional path/query string suffix. The French-labeled groups (PROTOCOLE, NOM, SUFFIXE) indicate it was written to parse or extract URL components in a French-language codebase. With global and multiline flags, it can find multiple URLs across lines of text, useful for link extraction or validation against a whitelist of TLDs.